Be sure to check your student’s letter formations!  Struggling readers often make the letter r from the bottom up. (They often do the same formation with the n and m).  It is important to remind them that the English language goes from top to bottom, left to right.  The r, n, and m letters are made by starting at the dotted middle line on handwriting paper and then moving down to the bottom solid line before going back up and around.  This link contains lowercase alphabet letters and associated recorded sounds. Lowercase tracing paper can also be found here.